یادگیری از طریق فلش کارت و نرم افزار Anki + دو ویدئوی آموزش عالی برای یادگیری انکی

Introduction

If you're a medical student, a doctor, or anyone in the academic field, the struggle of retaining vast amounts of information is all too familiar. The good news is that there are tools designed to aid in this task, one of the most powerful being Anki, an intelligent flashcard system. In today's article, we'll delve into how to effectively use Anki, including a unique method that can help you significantly improve your retention while reducing study time. This walkthrough aims to make you proficient in using Anki and uncover advanced techniques to optimize your study sessions.

What is Anki?

Anki is much more than just a flashcard app; it is an intelligent flash card system based on the principles of spaced repetition. Unlike other popular flash card systems like Quizlet, Anki identifies the topics you are weak at and shows those cards more frequently. Meanwhile, topics you are strong in are displayed less often. This method ensures an efficient and effective review process. Whether you're studying for exams, learning a new language, or even memorizing medical terms, Anki fits a variety of academic and personal learning needs.

Setting Up Anki

Downloading and Installing Anki

One of the greatest advantages of Anki is its cost—it's free. You can use it on both PC and Mac, as well as on Android and iOS devices. While the Android version is free, the iOS version does have a small fee. However, the functionalities of cross-device syncing make it worth the cost.

To get started, visit the Anki website and download the version suitable for your device. Once downloaded, install and set up your profile. Creating an Anki profile allows you to sync flashcards across multiple devices, providing flexibility in your study routines.

Creating Profiles

When you first set up Anki, it prompts you to create a profile. While most users only need one profile, having multiple profiles allows you to segregate your flashcards based on different topics. For instance, one profile could be dedicated to board exams, another for your regular college classes, and so forth.

Structuring Your Anki Decks

Creating Decks

Before diving into flashcard creation, it's essential to structure your decks. For example, if you're studying cardiology, you can create a 'Cardiology Class' deck. Within this deck, you can add sub-decks for specific lectures, like 'EKGs' or 'Heart Failure'. This organized approach allows you to focus your study sessions on particular topics as needed.

Moving Decks

One of the strengths of Anki is its flexibility. You can move sub-decks around to ensure that your flashcards are well-organized. For example, if you initially categorize your lectures separately, you can later combine them into a more general deck, thus allowing for a broader review session.

Creating Flashcards

Types of Flashcards

Anki offers several types of flashcards, allowing you to choose the format that best suits the information you’re trying to retain:

1. Basic Flashcards: The most straightforward type, offering a simple front and back design.
2. Basic and Reversed Flashcards: Useful for language learning, these cards allow you to quiz yourself in both directions.
3. Cloze Deletion Flashcards: These cards are excellent for memorizing long processes or phrases by having you fill in the blanks.
4. Image Occlusion Flashcards: Ideal for memorizing diagrams, maps, and figures, this feature allows you to block out parts of an image to quiz yourself.

Adding Flashcards

To add a new flashcard, click the 'Add' button. Select the type of flashcard you want to create, fill in the front and back information, and click 'Add’. For example, using cloze deletions, you can create multiple flashcards in one go by selecting several parts of a phrase that you need to memorize.

Image Occlusion

The image occlusion tool is an advanced feature perfect for subjects that require visual memory, such as anatomy. Although it is an add-on, it’s free and straightforward to install. Once installed, you can upload images and block specific parts. Anki will then generate flashcards hiding these parts, requiring you to identify what is blocked.

Advanced Techniques

The Screenshot Method

One of the key challenges with flashcards is the time it takes to create them. The screenshot method can significantly speed up this process. Open your lecture slides or notes on one side and Anki on the other. Use the snipping tool (Windows) or screenshot tool (Mac) to capture relevant parts of your slides. Paste these screenshots into Anki flashcards, focusing your questions on the key points in the images.

Combining Screenshot and Image Occlusion

For an even more advanced approach, combine the screenshot method with image occlusion. Screenshot your lecture slides, import them into Anki using the image occlusion tool, and block out the vital information you need to memorize. By doing this, you can create multiple flashcards from one screenshot, covering all critical points of your slide.

Utilizing Tags

Tags help you categorize your flashcards beyond just decks. For instance, you can tag cards as 'easy', 'medium', or 'hard’. This feature becomes crucial when exams are approaching and you need to focus on your weaker areas. To add tags, browse through your flashcards, select the ones that need tagging, and categorize them accordingly.

Creating Filtered Decks

One valuable feature of Anki is the creation of filtered decks, which allows you to temporarily gather cards from different decks based on specific criteria, such as difficulty level or tag. For example, before an exam, you can create a filtered deck that only shows 'hard' flashcards, therefore concentrating your study sessions on the most challenging material.

Optimizing Review Sessions

Time-Bound Reviews

One effective method to ensure you give equal importance to all flashcards is setting a mental (or actual) timer for each card. Whether it's 10 seconds or 30 seconds, having a time limit keeps you from spending too much time on any one card and ensures you cover more material in a single session.

Segmenting Complex Flashcards

For complex flashcards with multiple points, break them down into smaller sub-sections. Focus on memorizing one part at a time. Once you have a hold on that segment, move on to the next. This method reduces cognitive load and makes it easier to retain detailed information over time.

Conclusion

Anki is a versatile and powerful tool that can significantly enhance your learning process. By structuring your decks methodically, using various types of flashcards, and employing advanced techniques like image occlusion and tagging, you can make the most out of this intelligent flashcard system. Whether you're preparing for medical board exams, brushing up on a new language, or studying complex subjects, Anki can help you improve retention and optimize your study time. With consistent practice and by leveraging the advanced features discussed, you can make learning less stressful and more efficient. Happy studying!